IYSV & Thrips Literature Citations Compiled by D. H. Gent et al. (updated 7/2009 – H. F. Schwartz)

Literature Citations for Onion Thrips and Iris yellow spot virus

(updated 07/2009 – H. F. Schwartz)

Abad, J. A., Speck, J., Mohan, S. K., and Moyer, J. W. 2003.  Diversity of the Iris yellow spot virus N gene in the USA. Phytopathology 93:S1.

Al-dosari, S. A. 1995.  Development of an IPM system for onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindemann) as a pest of bulb onions.  Ph.D. Dissertation.  Colorado State University, Fort Collins.

Allen, J. K. M., Scott-Dupree, C. D., Tolman, J. H., and Harris, C. R. 2005.  Resistance of Thrips tabaci to pyrethroid and organophosphorus insecticides in Ontario, Canada. Pest Management Sci. 61:809-815.

Bag, S., K.L. Druffel and H.R. Pappu (2009). Structure and genome organization of the large RNA of Iris yellow spot virus (genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae). Archives of Virology. DOI 10.1007/s00705-009-0568-5.

Bag, S., and Pappu, H. R. 2009. Symptomatology of Iris yellow spot virus in selected indicator hosts. Online. Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-2009-0824-01-BR. 

Bag, S., K.L. Druffel, T. Salewsky, and H.R. Pappu. 2009.  Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of the medium RNA of Iris yellow spot virus (genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae) from the Unites States. Archives of Virology 154:715-718.

Bag, S., K.L. Singh, J., Davis, R. M., Chounet, W., and H.R. Pappu. 2009.  Iris yellow spot virus in onion in Nevada and northern California. Plant Dis. 93:674.

Bag, S., P. Rogers, R. Watson, and H.R. Pappu. 2009.  First report of natural infection of garlic with Iris yellow spot virus in the United States. Plant Dis. 93:839.

Barbour, J. D., and Bradenburg, R. L. 1994.  Vernal infusion of thrips into North Carolina peanut fields.  J. Econ. Entomol. 87:446-451.

Ben Moussa, A., Marrakchi, M., and Makni, M. 2005.  Characterisation of Tospovirus in vegetable crops in Tunisia.  Infection, Genetics and Evolution 5:312-322.

Boyd, V. 2003.  A jumbo threat.  The Grower 36:10-11.

Brar, K. S., Sidhu, A. S., and Chadha, M. L.  1993.  Screening onion varieties for resistance to Thrips tabaci Lind. and Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner).  J. Insect Sci. 6:123-124.

Brewster, J. L. 1994. Onions and Other Vegetable Alliums. CAB International, Oxon, U.K.

Brown, S., Todd, J., Culbreath, A., Baldwin, J., Beasley, J., Kemerait, B., and Pappu, H.  2001.  Tomato spotted wilt of peanut:  Identifying and avoiding high-risk situations. Bull. 1165, Univ. of Georgia, Athens, GA. 6 pp.

Bulajic, A., Djekic, I., Jovic, J., Krnjajic, S., Vucurovic, A., and Krstic, B.  2009. Incidence and distribution of Iris yellow spot virus on onion in Serbia. Plant Dis. 93:976-982.

Bulajic, A., Jovic, J., Krnjajic, S., Petrov, M., Djekic, I., and Krstic, B.  2008. First report of Iris yellow spot virus on onion (Allium cepa) in Serbia. Plant Dis. 92:1247.

Bullock, J. A. 1963. Thysanoptera associated with pyrethrum, and the control of Thrips tabaci Lind. Trop. Agric. 40:329-335.

Camann, M. A., Culbreath, A. K., Pickering, J., Todd, J. W., and Demski, J. W. 1995.  Spatial and temporal patterns of spotted wilt epidemics in peanut.  Phytopathology 85:879-885.

Chatzivassiliou, E.K., Giavachtsia, V., Mehraban, A.H., Hoedjes, K., and Peters, D. 2009. Identification and incidence of Iris yellow spot virus, a new pathogen in onion and leek in Greece.  Plant Dis. 93:761.

Cho, K., Eckel, C. S., Walgenbach, J. F., and Kennedy, G. G.  1995.  Overwintering of thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in North Carolina.  Environ. Entomol. 24:58-67.

Colnago, P., Achigar, R., Gonzalez, P.H., Peluffo, S., Gonzales I., H., Pianzzola, M.J., and Galvan, G.A.  2010.  First report of Iris yellow spot virus on onion in Uruguay.  Plant Disease  94:786.

Córdoba-Sellés, C., Martínez-Priego, L., Munoz-Gómez, R., and Jordá-Gutiérrez, C. 2005.  Iris yellow spot virus: A new onion disease in Spain.  Plant Dis. 89:1243.

Córdoba-Sellés, C., Cebrian-Mico, C., Alfaro-Fernandez, A., Munoz-Yerbes, M.J., and Jorda-Gutierrez, C.  2007.  First report of Iris yellow spot virus in comercial leeks (Allum porrum) in Spain.  Plant Dis. 91:1365.

Cortês, I., Aires, A., Pereira, A. M., Goldbach, R., Peters, D., and Kormelink, R.  2002.  Genetic organisation of Iris yellow spot virus M RNA: Indications for functional homology between the G(C) glycoproteins of tospoviruses and animal-infecting bunyaviruses.  Archives Virol. 147:2313-2325.

Cortês, I., Livieratos, I. C., Derks, A., Peters, D., and Kormelink, R.  1998.  Molecular and serological characterization of Iris yellow spot virus, a new and distinct tospovirus species.  Phytopathology 88:1276-1282.

Cosmi, T., Marchesini, E., and Martini, G.  2003.  Presence and spread of tospovirus and thrip vectors in Veneto.  Info. Agrario 59:69-72.

Coudriet, D. L., Kishaba, A. N., McCreight, J. D., and Bohn, W. G. 1979.  Varietal resistance in onions to thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).  J. Econ. Entomol. 72:614-615.

Coutts, B. A., McMichael, L. A., Tesoriero, L., Rodoni, B. C., Wilson, C. R., Wilson, A. J., Persley, D. M., and Jones, R. A. C.  2003.  Iris yellow spot virus found infecting onions in three Australian states.  Australas. Plant Pathol. 32:555-557.

Coutts, B. A., Thomas-Carroll, M. L., and Jones, R. A. C.  2004.  Patterns of spread of Tomato spotted wilt virus in field crops of lettuce and pepper: Spatial dynamics and validation of control measures.  Ann. App. Biol.  145:231-245.

Cranshaw, W. S.  2006.  Colorado Insecticide Trials for Control of Thrips on Onion, 1995-2003. Colorado State Univ. Agr. Exp. Sta. Report. In press.

Creamer, R., Sanogo, S., Moya, A., Romero, J., Molina-Bravo, R., and Cramer, C.  2004. Iris yellow spot virus on onion in New Mexico. Plant Dis. 88:1049.

Crowe, F. J., and Pappu, H. R. 2005.  Outbreak of Iris yellow spot virus in onion seed crops in central Oregon.  Plant Dis. 89:105.

Culbreath, A. K., Todd, J. W., and Brown, S. L.  2003.  Epidemiology and management of tomato spotted wilt in peanut.  Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 41:53-75.

Czencz, K. 1987. The role of coloured traps in collecting thrips fauna. Pages 426-435 in: Population Structure, Genetics and Taxonomy of Aphids and Thysanoptera. Proc. Int. Symp. Smolenice, Czechoslovakia. J. Holman, J. Pelikan, A.F.G. Dixon, and L. Weisman, eds. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague, The Netherlands.

de Avila, A. C., Gama, M. I. C. S., Kitajima, E. W., and Pereira, W. 1981. Um virus do grupo vira-cabeca do tomateiro isolado de cebola (Allium cepa L.). Fitopatol. Bras. 6:525.

Derks, A. F. L. M., and Lemmers, M. E. C.  1996.  Detection of tospoviruses in bulbous crops and transmissibility by vegetative propagation.  Acta Hortic. 432:132-137.

Diaz-Montano, J., Fuchs, M., Nault, B.A., and Shelton, A.M.  2010. Evaluation of onion cultivars for resistance to onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Iris yellow spot virus.  J. Econ. Entomol. 103:925-937

Diaz-Perez, J. C., Batal, K. D., Granberry, D., Bertrand, D., Giddings, D., and Pappu, H. 2003.  Growth and yield of tomato on plastic film mulches as affected by Tomato spotted wilt virus.  HortSci. 38:395-399.

Doi, M., Zen, S., Okuda, M., Nakamura, H., Kato, K., and Hanada, K. 2003.  Leaf necrosis disease of lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) caused by Iris yellow spot virus.  Japanese J. Phytopathology 69:181-188.

du Toit, L. J. 2005. Iris yellow spot virus of onion. Proc. Great Lakes Fruit, Vegetable, and Farm Market Expo, Grand Rapids, MI.

du Toit, L. J., and Pelter, G. Q. 2005. Susceptibility of storage onion cultivars to iris yellow spot in the Columbia Basin of Washington, 2004. Biological & Cultural Tests 20: V006.

du Toit, L. J., Pappu, H. R., Druffel, K. L., and Pelter, G. Q. 2004.  Iris yellow spot virus in onion bulb and seed crops in Washington. Plant Dis. 88:222.

du Toit, L. J., Pelter, G. Q., and Pappu, H. R. 2004. IYSV challenges to the onion seed industry in Washington. Pages 103, 213-217 in: Proc. National Allium Res. Conf., Grand Junction, CO.

du Toit, L. J., Burger, J. T., McLeod, A., Engelbrecht, M., and Viljoen, A.  2007.  Iris yellow spot virus in onoin seed crops in South Africa.  Plant Disease 91:1203.

Eady, C. C., Weld, R. J., and Lister, C. E.  2000.  Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation and transgenic-plant regeneration of onion (Allium cepa L.).  Plant Cell Reports 19:376-381.

Edelson, J. V., Cartwright, B., and Royer, T. A. 1989.  Economics of controlling onion thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on onions with insecticides in south Texas.  J. Econ. Entomol. 82:561-564.

Evans, C.J., Bag, S., Frank, E., Reeve, J., Drost, D., and Pappu, H.R.  2009.  Natural infection of Iris yellow spot virus in twoscale saltbush (Atriplex micrantha) growing in Utah. Plant Dis. 93:430.

Evans, C.J., Bag, S., Frank, E., Reeve, J., Ransom, C., Drost, D., and Pappu, H.R.  2009.  Green foxtail (Setaria viridis), a naturally infected grass host of Iris yellow spot virus in Utah.  Plant Dis. 93:670.

Fichtner, S. M., Gent, D. H., Schwartz, H. F., Cranshaw, W. S., Mahaffey, L., and Khosla, R.  2004.  Geospatial relationships of Iris yellow spot virus and thrips to onion production in Colorado.  Pages 149-151 in: Proc. National Allium Res. Conf., Grand Junction, CO.

Fournier, F., Boivin, G., and Stewart, R. K.  1995.  Effect of Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on yellow onion yields and economic thresholds for its management.  J. Econ. Entomol. 88:1401-1407.

Fukuda, T., Nakayama, K., and Honda, Y. 2007. Necrotic streak disease of Chinese chive caused by Iris yellow spot virus (IYSV). Jpn. J. Phytopatholo. 73:311-313.

Gawande, S.J., Khar, A., and Lawande, K.E.  2010.  First report of Iris yellow spot virus on garlic in India.  Plant Dis. 94:1066.

Gent, D. H., Schwartz, H. F., and Khosla, R. 2004.  Distribution and incidence of Iris yellow spot virus and its relation to onion plant population and yield.  Plant Dis. 88:446-452.

Gent, D. H., Schwartz, H. F., and Khosla, R. 2004.  Managing Iris yellow spot virus of onion with cultural practices, host genotype, and novel chemical treatments.  Phytopathology 94:S34.

Gent, D. H., du Toit, L. J., Fichtner, S. F., Mohan, S. K., Pappu, H. R., and Schwartz, H. F. 2006.  Iris yellow spot virus: An emerging threat to onion bulb and seed production.  Plant Disease 90:1468-1480.

Gent, D. H., Martin. R. R., and Ocamb, C. M.  2007.  First report of Iris yellow spot virus on onion and leek in western Oregon.  Plant Disease  91:468.

Gera, A., Cohen, J., Salomon, R., and Raccah, B. 1998. Iris Yellow Spot Tospovirus detected in onion (Allium cepa) in Israel. Plant Dis. 82:127.

Gera, A., Kritzman, A., Beckelman, H., Cohen, J., and Raccah, B. 2002.  Detection of Iris yellow spot virus in lisianthus.  Acta Hortic. 568:43-49.

Gera, A., Kritzman, A., Cohen, J., and Raccah, B.  1998.  Tospoviruses infecting bulb crops in Israel.  Pages 86-87 in: Recent Progress in Tospovirus and Thrips Research.  D. Peters and R. Goldbach, eds.  Fourth Int. Symp. on Tospoviruses and Thrips in Floral and Vegetable Crops, Wagengingen, The Netherlands. 

German, T. L., Ullman, D. E., and Moyer, J. W.  1992.  Tospoviruses: Diagnosis, molecular biology, phylogeny, and vector relationships.  Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 30:315-348.

Ghotbi, T., Shahraeen, N., and Winter, S.  2005.  Occurrence of tospoviruses in ornamental and weed species in Markazi and Tehran provinces in Iran.  Plant Dis. 89:425-429.

Gitaitis, R. D., Dowler, C. C., and Chalfant, R. B. 1998.  Epidemiology of tomato spotted wilt in pepper and tomato in southern Georgia.  Plant Dis. 82:752-756.

Groves, R. L., Walgenbach, J. F., Moyer, J. W., and Kennedy, G. G. 2002.  The role of weed hosts and tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca, in the epidemiology of Tomato spotted wilt virus.  Plant Dis. 86:573-582.

Hall, J. M., Mohan, K., Knott, E. A., and Moyer, J. W. 1993. Tospoviruses associated with scape blight of onion (Allium cepa) seed crops in Idaho. Plant Dis. 77:952.

Hammon, R. 2004.  Managing thrips in western Colorado onions.  Pages 107 in: Proc. 2004 National Allium Res. Conf., Grand Junction, CO.

Hoepting, C. A., Schwartz, H. F., and Pappu, H. R.  2007.  First report of Iris yellow spot virus on onion in New York.  Plant Disease  91:327.

Hoepting, C. A., Allen, J. K., Vanderkooi, K. D., Hovius, M. Y., Fuchs, M. F., Pappu, H. R., and McDonald, M. R.  2008.  First report of Iris yellow spot virus on onion in Canada.  Plant Disease  92:318.

Hsu, C.L., Hoepting, C.A., Fuchs, M., Shelton, A.M., and Nault, B.A. 2010.  Temporal Dynamics of Iris Yellow Spot Virus and Its Vector, Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), in Seeded and Transplanted Onion Fields.  Environ. Entomol. 39: 266-277. 

Jensen, L., Simko, B., Shock, C. C, and Saunders, L. D. 2003. A two-year study on alternative methods for controlling onion thrips (Thrips tabaci) in Spanish onions. Oregon State Univ., Malheur Exp. Sta. Special Report 1048:94-106.

Jensen, L., and Shock, C. C.  2004. The effects of soft insecticides on thrips populations in red onions.  Pages 91, 179-183 in: Proc. 2004 National Allium Res. Conf., Grand Junction, CO.

Jones, D. R. 2005.  Plant viruses transmitted by thrips.  European J. Plant Pathol. 113:119-157.

Jones, H.A., Bailey, S. F, and Emsweler, S. 1934. Thrips resistance in onion. Hilgardia 8:215-52.

Kirk, W. D. J. 1984.  Ecologically selective coloured traps.  Ecol. Entomol. 9:35-41.

Kirk, W. D. J.  1997.  Distribution, abundance, and population dynamics.  Pages 217-257 in: Thrips as Crop Pests. T. Lewis, ed.  CAB Int., New York, NY.

Kritzman, A., Beckelman, H., Alexandrov, S., Cohen, J., Lampel, M., Zeidan, M., Raccah, B., and Gera, A.  2000.  Lisianthus leaf necrosis: A new disease of lisianthus caused by Iris yellow spot virus.  Plant Dis. 84:1185-1189.

Kritzman, A., Lampel, M., Raccah, B., and Gera, A.  2001.  Distribution and transmission of Iris yellow spot virus.  Plant Dis. 85:838-842.

Kumar, N. K. K., and Rawal, R. D. 1999.  Onion thrips, Thrips tabaci, a vector of onion tospovirus.  Insect Environment 5:52.

Lall, B. S., and Singh, L. M. 1968.  Biology and control of the onion thrips in India.  J. Economic Entomol. 61:676-679.

Lewis, T. 1997.  Thrips as Crop Pests.  CAB Int., New York, NY. 

Lewis, T. 1973.  Thrips.  Their Biology, Ecology and Economic Importance.  Academic Press, London, UK.

Lu, F. M. 1990.  Color preference and using silver mulches to control the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci Lindeman.  Chinese J. Entomol./Zhonghua Kunchong 10:337-342.

Mahaffey, L. A., and W. S. Cranshaw.  2010.  Thrips species associated with onion in Colorado.  Southwestern Entomologist 35:45-50.

Marois, J. J., and Wright, D. L.  2003.  Effect of tillage system, phorate, and cultivar on tomato spotted wilt of peanut.  Agron. J. 95:386-389.

Mavric, I., and Ravnikar, M. 2000. Iris yellow spot tospovirus in Slovenia. Pages 223-225 in: Proc. 5th Congress of the European Foundation for Plant Pathol., Taormina, Italy.

Mavric, I., and Ravnikar, M. 2003. Further characterization of a Slovenian isolate of Iris yellow spot tospovirus.  J. Pl. Dis. Prot. 110:73.

McKenzie, C. L., Cartwright, B., Miller, M. E., and Edelson, J. V. 1993. Injury to onions by Thrips tabaci (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and effects of thrips on bulb onions. J. Econ. Entomol. 80:930-932.

McPherson, R. M., Culbreath, A. K., Stephenson, M. G., and Jones, D. C.  1995.  Impact of transplant date and insecticide control practices on the incidence of tomato spotted wilt virus and insect pests of flue-cured tobacco.  Tobacco Sci. 39:30-37.

McPherson, R. M., Pappu, H. R., Csinos, A. S., and Bertrand, P. F. 1997.  Influence of dichloropropene, volunteer peanut, and thrips control practices on the abundance of insect pests and incidence of tomato spotted wilt in flue-cured tobacco.  Tobacco Sci. 41:91-102.

Miller, M, R. Saldana, M. C. Black, and H.R. Pappu. 2006.  First Report of Iris yellow spot virus on onion (Allium cepa) in Texas. Plant Dis. 90:1359.

Mohan, S. K.  2004.  IYSV symptoms and etiology: Observations since 1989.  Page 105 in: Proc. 2004 National Allium Res. Conf., Grand Junction, CO. 

Mohan, S. K., and Moyer, J. W.  2004. Iris yellow spot virus in onion seed and bulb crops.  Phytopathology 94:S153.

Mohan, S. K., and Wilson, D. O., Jr. 1989. Scape blight of onion.  Pages 103-104 in: Proc. National Onion Res. Conf., Boise, ID.

Mohan, S. K., Knott, E. A., Allen, T. C., Jr., and Wilson, D. O., Jr. 1991. Evidence for association of Tomato spotted wilt virus with a scape blight disease of onion seed crops in Idaho and Oregon. Pages 26-31 in: Proc. National Onion Res. Conf., Savannah, GA.

Molenaar, N. D. 1984.  Genetics, thrips (Thrips tabaci L.) resistance and epicuticular wax characteristics of nonglossy and glossy onions (Allium cepa L.).  Dissertation Abstracts, B (Sciences and Engineering) 45:1075B

Momol, M. T., Olson, S. M., Funderburk, J. E., Stavisky, J., and Marois, J. J.  2004.  Integrated management of tomato spotted wilt on field-grown tomatoes.  Plant Dis. 88:882-890.

Moyer, J. W. 1999. Tospoviruses (Bunyaviridae). Pages 1803-1807 in: Encyclopedia of Virology, A. Granoff and R.G. Webster, eds. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.

Moyer, J. W., and Mohan, S. K. 1993. Tospoviruses associated with scape blight of onion (Allium cepa) seed crops in Idaho. National Onion Res. Conf., Ithaca, NY. (Abst.)

Moyer, J. W., Abad, J. A., Ullman, D., and Mohan, K.  2003.   INSV and IYSV; the other Tospoviruses in the United States.  Phytopathology 93:S115.

Mullis, S. W., Gitaitis, R. D., Nischwitz, C., Csinos, A. S.,  Rafael Mallaupoma, Z. C., and Inguil Rojas, E. H. 2006.  First report of onion (Allium cepa) naturally infected with Iris yellow spot virus in Peru.  Plant Dis. 90:377. 

Mullis, S. W., Langston Jr., D. B., Gitaitis, R. D., Sherwood, J. L., and Csinos, A. C.  2004.  First report of Vidalia onion (Allium cepa) naturally infected with Tomato spotted wilt virus and Iris yellow spot virus (family Bunyaviridae, genus Tospovirus) in Georgia.  Plant Dis. 88:1285.

Murai, T.  2004.  Current status of the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci, as pest thrips in Japan. Agrochemicals Japan 84:7-10.

Nagata, T., Almeida, A. C. L., Resende, R. de O., and de Avila, A. C.  1999.  The identification of the vector species of Iris yellow spot tospovirus occurring on onion in Brazil.  Plant Dis. 83:399.

National Agricultural Statistics Service. 2006.  Ag Update.  USDA/CASS, Lakewood, CO.

Nischwitz, C., Mullis, S. W., Csinos, A. S., Langston, D. B., Sparks, A. N., Torrance, R. L., Rafael Mallaupoma, Z. C., Inguil Rojas, E. H., and Gitaitis, R. D. 2006. Phylogenetic analysis of the N gene links Georgia strains of Iris yellow spot virus to strains from Peru.  Phytopathology 96:S84.

Nischwitz, C., R. D. Gitaitis, S. W. Mullis, A. S. Csinos,, D. B. Langston, and A. N. Sparks.  2007.  First Report of IYSV in Spiny Sowthistle in the U.S.  Plant Disease  91:1518.

Okuda, M., and Hanada, K. 2001.  RT-PCR for detecting five distinct Tospovirus species using degenerate primers and dsRNA template.  J. Virol. Meth. 96:149-156.

Pappu, H., and Matheron, M. 2008.  Characterization of Iris yellow spot virus from onion in Arizona.  Plant Health Progress doi:10.1094/PHP-2008-0711-01-BR.

Pappu, H. R., Hellier, B. C., and Dugan, F. M.  2006. Wild Allium spp. as natural hosts of Iris yellow spot virus.  Plant Dis. 90:378.

Pappu, H.R., R.A.C. Jones, and R.K. Jain. 2009. Global status of tospovirus epidemics in diverse cropping systems: Successes gained and challenges ahead. Virus Research 141: 219–236.

Pappu, H.R., Rosales, I.M., and Druffel, K.L. 2008. Serological and molecular assays for rapid and sensitive detection of Iris yellow spot virus infection of bulb and seed onion crops.  Plant Dis. 92:588-594.

Pappu, H. R., du Toit, L. J.,  Schwartz, H. F., and Mohan, K. 2006. Sequence diversity of the nucleoprotein gene of Iris yellow spot virus (genus Tospovirus, family Bunyaviridae) isolates from the western region of the United States. Archives Virol. 151: 1015-1023.

Pappu, H. R., Pappu, S. S., Jain, R., Bertrand, P. F., Culbreath, A. K., McPherson, R., and Csinos, A. S.  1998. Sequence characteristics of natural populations of Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus infecting flue-cured tobacco in Georgia. Virus Genes 17:167-175.

Parrella, M. P., and Lewis, T. 1997.  Integrated pest management in field crops. Pages 595-614 in: T. Lewis, ed. Thrips as Crop Pests. CAB Wallingford, Oxon, UK.

Poole, G. J., Pappu, H. R., Davis, R. M., and Turini, T. A.  2007.  Increasing outbreaks and impact of Iris yellow spot virus in bulb and seed onion crops in the Imperial and Antelope Valleys of California.  Plant Health Progress  doi:10.1094/PHP-2007-0508-01-BR.

Pozzer, L., Nagata, T., Lima, M. I., Kitajima, E. W., Resende, R. de O., and de Avila, A. C.  1994.  “Sapeca”: An onion disease in Sub-Medio Sao Francisco region, Brazil, is caused by a tospovirus with a serologically distinct nucleocapsid protein.  Fitopatol. Bras. 19:321.

Pozzer, L., Bezerra, I. C., Kormelink, R., Prins, M., Peters, D., Resende, R. de O., and de Avila, A. C.  1999.  Characterization of a tospovirus isolate of Iris yellow spot virus associated with a disease in onion fields in Brazil.  Plant Dis. 83:345-350.

Puche, H., Berger, R. D., and Funderburk, J. E.  1995. Population dynamics of Frankliniella thrips and progress of tomato spotted wilt virus.  Crop Prot. 14:577-583.

Ravi, K. S., Kitkaru, A. S., and Winter, S. 2006.  Iris yellow spot virus in onions: A new tospovirus record from India. Plant Pathol. 55:288.

Reitz, S. R. 2002.  Seasonal and within plant distribution of Frankliniella thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in north Florida tomatoes.  Fla. Entomol. 85:431-439.

Reitz, S. R., Yearby, E. L., Funderburk, J. E., Stavisky, J., Momol, M. T., and Olson, S. M. 2003.  Integrated management tactics for Frankliniella thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in field-grown pepper.  J. Econ. Entomol. 96:1201-1214.

Riley, D. G., and Pappu, H. R.  2000.  Evaluation of tactics for management of thrips-vectored Tomato spotted wilt virus in tomato.  Plant Dis.  84:847-852.

Robène-Soustrade, I., Hostachy, B., Roux-Cuvelier, M., Minatchy, J., Hédont, M., Pallas, R., Couteau, A., Cassam, N., and Wuster, G. 2006.  First report of Iris yellow spot virus in onion bulb- and seed-production fields in Réunion Island. Plant Pathol. 55:288.

Rosales, M., Pappu, H. R., Mora, R., and Aljaro, A. 2005.  Iris yellow spot virus in onion in Chile.  Plant Dis. 89:1245.

Sampangi, R. K., Mohan, S. K., and Pappu, H. R.  2007.  Identification of new alternative weed hosts for Iris yellow spot virus in the Pacific Northwest.  Plant Disease  91:1683.

Saxena, R.C.  1977.  Integrated approach for the control of Thrips tabaci Lind.  Indian J. Agric. Sci. 45:434-436.

Schwartz, H. F., Epsky, N. D., and Capinera, J. L.  1988.  Onion transplant pink root and thrips contamination, and their control in Colorado.  App. Agr. Res. 3:71-74.

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